The S-Band is a portion of the radio frequency (RF) spectrum in the microwave range, typically spanning 1.7 to 2.6 GHz, although it is often specified as 2 to 4 […]
Deep Packet Inspection (DPI) is a technology that enables the network owner to analyze internet traffic through the network in real-time and differentiate it according to its payload. Since this […]
A passive optical network (PON) is a fiber-optic access technology that distributes fiber-optic signals to multiple users through a passive splitter, achieving the goal of fiber-to-the-home (FTTH). PON technology has […]
CDMA is another pure digital technique. It is also known as the spread spectrum because it takes the digitized version of an analog signal and spreads it out over a wider […]
Compared to previous generations the 3GPP 5G system architecture is Service-Based Architecture (SBA). That means wherever suitable the architectural elements are defined as network functions that offer their services via […]
5G NR includes several low and mid-frequency bands in the sub-7 GHz range, defined as FR1, as well as higher frequency bands above 24 GHz, defined as FR2/mmWave. 5G frequency […]
In many networks, the RAN represents the last stronghold of proprietary hardware and software. While the mobile core is progressing to a virtualized, cloud-based architecture, the RAN remains rooted in […]
LTE power control is applied to uplink transmission only. There is no downlink power control. The objective of power control in LTE is to reduce terminal power consumption and minimize […]
5G-NR transmissions are more flexible than their predecessor technologies. 5G-NR signals can be transmitted using different numerology, which is summarized below in Table. The numerology is parameterized using an index […]
Hardware accelerator cards accelerate data processing and relieve some of the burdens from the CPUs, to enable operators and infrastructure vendors the ability to maximize the benefits of high performance, […]
The Service Communication Proxy (SCP) is a new HTTP/2-based network function enabling dynamic scaling and management of communication and services in the 5G network. The SCP has a role that […]
