Introduction New Radio (NR) is a newly approved study item in 3GPP, focusing on the design of the next generation (5G) air interface. 5G air interface is intended for having […]

Through my research I found this nice story that illustrates the three main use cases for 5G:  To understand the three broad use cases that 5G wireless technology seeks to […]

5G Core Network  End-to-end flexibility is confirmed to be one of the core features of future 5G networks. This flexibility will result in large part from the introduction of network […]

Introduction 5G will give a diverse and new set of services and use cases affecting nearly every aspect of our lives. But to exceed all expectations, 5G-enabled services and applications […]

Introduction  The December 2017 deadline for the primary set of New Radio (NR) technical specifications, known as early drop out/December acceleration, was finally achieved. – This acceleration was originally motivated […]

Introduction: The 5G system has the aspiration of responding to the widest variety of services and implications in the history of mobile and wireless communications listed in: Enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB). […]

VoLTE Call Flow: Turing on the VoLTE-enabled devices (e.g., smartphones) connects it to the LTE network infrastructure. Then, two default EPS bearers are assigned – one for SIP signaling with […]

What Is mmWave?  Millimeter wave is the band of spectrum between 30 to 300 GHz. it is also known as extremely high frequency. This spectrum can be used for high-speed […]

Introduction: As the standardization of 5G at the first stage has been successfully completed, 5G networks will be put into commercial use. When deploying 5G networks, carriers have to think […]

Why NB-IoT? The broad spectrum of capabilities is one of the main characteristics of Machine Type Communication (MTC). For instance, surveillance cameras deliver a massive amount of UL data while […]

Introduction  The investigation of the 5G cellular network has been triggered by the great growth of wireless data services driven by mobile Internet and smart devices. The new 5G mobile […]

Introduction  5G is the future network revolution of mobile technology. The characteristics and usability are exceeding human expectations. With its extra high speed, it owns the prospects to change the […]

5G aspires to be the unique generation not only fulfill the needs of mobile operators and consumers but also creates fresh potentials and opens an extraordinarily huge diversity of applications […]

In the revolutionary time of 5G, newly-emerging communication requirements create hardships on the existing networks when it comes to technologies and business models.     The next-generation mobile network must […]

Depending on the modulation technique, each symbol stands for bits and each data point represents a different bit pattern.   QPSK, 16QAM, and 64QAM are used by LTE devices to modulate […]

During RRC_CONNECTED mode, if the eNodeB decides that the UE needs to perform LTE inter-frequency and inter-RAT monitoring activities, it will provide the UE with a measurement configuration which includes […]

Different channels are used for data to be transported through the LTE radio interface. These channels are used to separate the various types of data and allow the data to […]

New Radio is a new air interface that is not backward compatible with LTE, LTE⁃Advanced or LTE⁃Advanced⁃pro. Without depending on 2G, 3G or 4G networks, NR networks can be independently […]

Introduction Mobile network operators around the world are experiencing huge growth in mobile data traffic and forecasts suggest that over the coming years it is set to rise even more […]

Channel Element The SW licensed capacity resources required for a dedicated channel (DCH or E-DCH) are described by Channel Element (CE). The number of channel elements required in a RBS […]

The radio resource management (RRM) functionality with HSDPA and HSUPA has experienced changes compared with Release 99. In Release 99, the scheduling control was mainly based in the radio network […]